Climate Monitoring / Climate of 2005 / November / Global / Help

Climate of 2005 - November in Historical Perspective

Including Boreal Fall

National Climatic Data Center
14 December 2005

Global Analysis / Global Hazards / United States / U.S. Drought / Extremes
Use these links to access detailed analyses of Global and U.S. data.

Global Highlights:

Based on preliminary data, globally averaged combined land and sea surface temperature was warmest on record for September-November 2005, third warmest on record for November.
September-November temperatures were above average across much of the Globe including areas in North America, Asia, Europe and the majority of the African continent. Colder-than-average conditions occurred in Bolivia, Turkey, Iceland and western Australia.
Precipitation during September-November was above average in the northeastern U.S., Alaska, the Caribbean, Scandinavia and India, with drier than average conditions in eastern Europe, southeast Asia and the southern U.S.
Neutral ENSO conditions continued during November.

The data presented in this report are preliminary. Ranks and anomalies may change as more complete data are received and processed. The most current data may be accessed via the Global Surface Temperature Anomalies page.

Introduction

Temperature anomalies for September-November and November 2005 are shown on the four maps below. The dot maps on the left provides a spatial representation of anomalies calculated from the Global Historical Climatology Network (GHCN) data set of land surface stations using a 1961-1990 base period. The maps on the right are an experimental blended product of a merged land air and sea surface temperature anomaly analysis which is based on data from the GHCN of land temperatures and the Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set (COADS) of Sea-Surface Temperature (SST) data. Temperature anomalies with respect to 1961-1990 for land and ocean are analyzed separately and then merged to form the global analysis. Additional information on this product is available.

During the boreal fall, temperatures were more than 3°C above average across large parts of Europe, Russia, China and much of North America. Cooler than average temperatures were observed in Iceland, Turkey, the U.S. Pacific Northwest, western Mongolia, and western Australia.

Warmer than average SSTs occurred over the North Pacific and North Atlantic. Cooler than average conditions were observed off the coasts of Ecuador, Peru, California and in the Niño 3 region.

Current season's Land Surface Temperature Dot map

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Current season's blended Land and sea surface Temperature Dot map

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During November 2005, there were above average temperatures over Scandinavia, Russia, eastern China, eastern Australia and the majority of North America. Cooler than average temperatures were observed over Alaska, Peru, the Iberian Peninsula, southern portions of Europe and the U.S. Pacific Northwest.

Warmer than average SSTs occurred in the North Pacific and the North Atlantic. Cooler than average conditions were observed in the Niño 3 and 3.4 regions and the South Indian Ocean.

Current months Land SurfaceTemperature Dot map

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Current month's blended Land and sea surface Temperature Dot map

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The mean position of upper level ridges of high pressure and troughs of low pressure (depicted by positive and negative 500 millibar height anomalies on the September-November 2005 map and the November 2005 map) are generally reflected by areas of positive and negative temperature anomalies at the surface, respectively. For other Global products see the Climate Monitoring Global Products page.

Images of sea surface temperature conditions are available for all weeks during 2005 at the weekly SST page

Temperature Rankings and Graphics

Current Month / Seasonal / Year-to-date

November	Anomaly	Rank	Warmest Year on Record
Global Land Ocean Land and Ocean	+1.04°C (+1.87°F) +0.42°C (+0.76°F) +0.61°C (+1.10°F)	2nd warmest 9th warmest 3rd warmest	2004 (+1.14°C/2.05°F) 1997 (+0.57°C/1.03°F) 2004 (+0.69°C/1.24°F)
Northern Hemisphere Land Ocean Land and Ocean	+1.37°C (+2.47°F) +0.51°C (+0.92°F) +0.85°C (+1.53°F)	3rd warmest 5th warmest 2nd warmest	2004 (+1.47°C/2.65°F) 2004 (+0.60°C/1.08°F) 2004 (+0.95°C/1.71°F)
Southern Hemisphere Land Ocean Land and Ocean	+0.19°C (+0.34°F) +0.37°C (+0.67°F) +0.34°C (+0.61°F)	40th warmest 10th warmest 12th warmest	1990 (+0.90°C/1.62°F) 1941 (+0.70°C/1.26°F) 1941 (+0.61°C/1.10°F)

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September-November	Anomaly	Rank	Warmest Year on Record
Global Land Ocean Land and Ocean	+1.05°C (+1.90°F) +0.45°C (+0.81°F) +0.63°C (+1.13°F)	warmest 4th warmest warmest	2nd - 2004 (+0.89°C/1.60°F) 1997 (+0.54°C/0.97°F) 2nd - 2003 (+0.61°C/1.10°F)
Northern Hemisphere Land Ocean Land and Ocean	+1.23°C (+2.21°F) +0.54°C (+0.97°F) +0.82°C (+1.48°F)	warmest 4th warmest warmest	2nd - 2004 (+1.01°C/1.82°F) 2003 (+0.61°C/1.10°F) 2nd - 2004 (+0.75°C/1.35°F)
Southern Hemisphere Land Ocean Land and Ocean	+0.59°C (+1.06°F) +0.40°C (+0.72°F) +0.44°C (+0.79°F)	6th warmest 9th warmest 8th warmest	2002 (+0.72°C/1.30°F) 1997 (+0.55°C/1.00°F) 1997 (+0.58°C/1.04°F)

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January-November	Anomaly	Rank	Warmest Year on Record
Global Land Ocean Land and Ocean	+0.97°C (+1.75°F) +0.44°C (+0.79°F) +0.60°C (+1.08°F)	2nd warmest 2nd warmest 2nd warmest	1998 (+0.99°C/1.78°F) 1998 (+0.48°C/0.86°F) 1998 (+0.63°C/1.13°F)
Northern Hemisphere Land Ocean Land and Ocean	+1.01°C (+1.82°F) +0.52°C (+0.94°F) +0.72°C (+1.30°F)	3rd warmest warmest warmest	2002 (+1.05°C/1.90°F) 2nd - 1998 (+0.50°C/0.90°F) 2nd - 1998 (+0.71°C/1.28°F)
Southern Hemisphere Land Ocean Land and Ocean	+0.74°C (+1.33°F) +0.40°C (+0.72°F) +0.46°C (+0.83°F)	2nd warmest 5th warmest 4th warmest	1998 (+0.80°C/1.44°F) 1998 (+0.48°C/0.86°F) 1998 (+0.54°C/0.97°F)

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The most current data may be accessed via the Global Surface Temperature Anomalies page.

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Precipitation

The maps below represent anomaly values based on the GHCN data set of land surface stations using a base period of 1961-1990. During the 2005 boreal fall, above average precipitation fell over areas that include Alaska, the Caribbean, India, the Philippines, Norway, Peru and the northeastern U.S. Below average precipitation was observed in Eastern Europe, the southern U.S., southeastern China and coastal Brazil.

During November 2005, above average precipitation fell over areas that include India, Peru, Colombia, parts of Eastern Europe and the U.S. Upper Great Plains. Below average precipitation was observed in the Philippines, southeastern Asia, the southern U.S, Mozambique and most of Brazil.

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Precipitation Dot map in Millimeters for November

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ENSO SST Analysis

Last week of the month's ENSO condtions Map

Click here for animated loop

SSTs remained near average to slightly below average in the equatorial tropical Pacific during November, indicative of ENSO neutral conditions (shown in the adjacent animation of weekly sea surface temperature anomalies). A comprehensive summary of November 2005 ENSO conditions can be found on the ENSO monitoring page. For the latest advisory on ENSO conditions go to NOAA's Climate Prediction Center (CPC) and the CPC ENSO Diagnostic Discussion
Images of sea surface temperature conditions are available for all weeks during 2005 at the weekly SST page

Troposphere

Current Month / Seasonal
Mid-tropospheric and lower stratospheric temperature data are collected by NOAA's TIROS-N polar-orbiting satellites and adjusted for time-dependent biases by the Global Hydrology and Climate Center at the University of Alabama in Huntsville (UAH). An independent analysis is also performed by Remote Sensing Systems (RSS) and a third analysis has been preformed by Dr. Qiang Fu of the the University of Washington (UW) (Fu et al. 2004)**.

The tables below summarize mid-tropospheric conditions for September-November and November 2005. These temperatures are for the atmospheric layer centered in the mid-troposphere (approximately 2-6 miles above the Earth's surface) which also includes a portion of the lower stratosphere. (The MSU channel used to measure mid-tropospheric temperatures receives about 25 percent of its signal above 6 miles). For additional information on MSU data used in this report, please see the Microwave Sounding Unit page.

All datasets indicate November and boreal fall temperatures were above average. Records began in 1979.

November	Anomaly	Rank	Warmest Year on Record	Trend
UAH mid-trop	+0.15°C/0.27°F	5th warmest	2002 (+0.23°C/0.41°F)	+0.04°C/decade
*RSS mid-trop	+0.30°C/0.54°F	3rd warmest	2002 (+0.32°C/0.58°F)	+0.12°C/decade
**UW-UAH mid-trop	+0.21°C/0.38°F	4th warmest	2002 (+0.27°C/0.49°F)	+0.09°C/decade
*UW-RSS mid-trop	+0.44°C/0.79°F	warmest	2nd - 2003 (+0.41°C/0.74°F)	+0.19°C/decade

*Version 02_1

September- November	Anomaly	Rank	Warmest Year on Record	Trend
UAH mid-trop	+0.20°C/0.36°F	3rd warmest	1998 (+0.29°C/0.52°F)	+0.07°C/decade
*RSS mid-trop	+0.35°C/0.63°F	2nd warmest	1998 (+0.37°C/0.67°F)	+0.17°C/decade
**UW-UAH mid-trop	+0.26°C/0.47°F	3rd warmest	1998 (+0.38°C/0.68°F)	+0.13°C/decade
*UW-RSS mid-trop	+0.48°C/0.86°F	2nd warmest	1998 (+0.50°C/0.90°F)	+0.22°C/decade

*Version 02_1

Stratosphere

Current Month / Seasonal
The tables below summarize stratospheric conditions for September-November and November 2005. The stratosphere is located between 10-14 miles above the Earth's surface. Over the last decade, stratospheric temperatures have been below average in large part due to the depletion of ozone. The large increase in temperature in 1982 was caused by the volcanic eruption of El Chichon in Mexico, and the increase in 1991 was a result of the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo in the Philippines. Therefore the base period used is 1984-1990 which was chosen to avoid contamination by these eruptions.

November	Anomaly	Rank	Coolest Year on Record
UAH stratosphere	-0.67°C (-1.21°F)	2nd coolest	2000 (-0.87°C/-1.57°F)
*RSS stratosphere	-0.76°C (-1.37°F)	2nd coolest	2000 (-0.84°C/-1.51°F)

*Version 02_1

September-November	Anomaly	Rank	Coolest Year on Record
UAH stratosphere	-0.63°C (-1.13°F)	3rd coolest	2000 (-0.78°C/-1.40°F)
*RSS stratosphere	-0.71°C (-1.28°F)	Tied coolest/2000	3rd - 1996 (-0.63°C/-1.13°F)

*Version 02_1

For additional details on precipitation and temperatures in November, see the Global Hazards page .

References

Peterson, T.C. and R.S. Vose, 1997: An Overview of the Global Historical Climatology Network Database. Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc., 78, 2837-2849.

For all climate questions other than questions concerning this report, please contact the National Climatic Data Center's Climate Services Division:

Climate Services Division
NOAA/National Climatic Data Center
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Asheville, NC 28801-5001
fax: 828-271-4876
phone: 828-271-4800
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For questions about this report, please contact:

Jay Lawrimore
NOAA/National Climatic Data Center
151 Patton Avenue
Asheville, NC 28801-5001
fax: 828-271-4328
email: Jay.Lawrimore@noaa.gov

-or-

David Easterling
NOAA/National Climatic Data Center
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Asheville, NC 28801-5001
fax: 828-271-4328
email: David.Easterling@noaa.gov

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